A video to follow along with this post is coming and will be linked here.
To put it simply, Marker Training is a training methodology that uses words or sounds to mark or bring attention to a very specific behavior. There are both reward markers and no-reward markers – or NRMs.
Reward Markers:
A Reward Marker is simply a clear word or sound that tells the dog, “This exact behavior will now earn you a reward.” The most well-known form of marker training is clicker training! Using different reward markers makes it easier to use a variety of different rewards with a dog – including different ways to present a reward – in a way that the dog can understand immediately. It can also make it easier to transition away from food, if you so choose.
No-Reward Markers:
A No-Reward Marker is a word or sound that (usually) just tells the dog “That behavior will not earn you a reward.” To be very transparent, though, I don’t use these types of markers, so I’m not super familiar with them. I believe they can be initially taught with something like nose-to-object targeting. No-Reward Markers aren’t meant to be overtly punishing or super stressful. There are mixed anecdotal reports; I, personally have seen more stress signals in colleagues’ dogs when NRMs are used, but I don’t think they’re necessarily bad. I think they can be used in a way that doesn’t cause a lot of stress. That being said, I don’t believe they’re necessary, so I don’t use them. What you do with your personal dog is entirely up to you.
Using Markers:
You can use different markers for different rewards. I use “Get it!” when I’m tossing a treat. I use “Yep” for a calm marker. Currently I use “Yes” as an all-around, general Reward marker, but I would like to start dialing in and being more clear with my markers. I’m trying to remember to click my tongue and my clicker for a “Come to me and get the treat” and use “Yes” for for “Hold that position and I will bring the treat to you.” I will definitely be keeping you guys updated on my Instagram and TikTok.
You can also use Markers for toys! Such as “Tug!” for a tug reward, “Ball!” or “Fetch!” for a ball/chasing the ball reward. Can you think of any other rewards you can attach to a word or sound to mark behavior?
No matter what sorts of markers you use, I definitely encourage you to try marker training! You don’t have to be super in-depth like some trainers (and like I’m trying to be). You can start with a clicker or a simple “Yes.”
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Espresso Dog Training 